How to Tell When Your Cat Might Be Sick or in Pain (Even When They’re Hiding It)
Published: January 4, 2026
Cats are masters of disguise. Unlike dogs, who often make their discomfort obvious, cats instinctively hide pain and illness. This behavior comes from their survival instincts—showing weakness in the wild could make them vulnerable. Unfortunately, this means many pet owners don’t realize something is wrong until a condition becomes serious.
Knowing the early signs of illness in cats can make all the difference. In this guide, we’ll explore subtle behavioral, physical, and emotional changes that may indicate your cat is sick or in pain—and when it’s time to call the vet.
Why Cats Hide Pain and Illness
Cats are both predators and prey by nature. This dual role has shaped their instinct to mask discomfort. Even domesticated cats retain this survival behavior, making it challenging for owners to spot problems early.
Because of this, signs your cat is sick are often quiet and gradual rather than dramatic or sudden.
Behavioral Changes That Can Signal a Sick Cat
One of the most reliable ways to tell if your cat is unwell is by noticing changes in behavior. Even small shifts can be meaningful.
1. Changes in Appetite or Drinking Habits
A cat that suddenly eats less, stops eating altogether, or drinks significantly more or less than usual may be experiencing pain or illness.
2. Litter Box Issues
If your cat starts urinating outside the litter box, strains to urinate, or has diarrhea or constipation, it could indicate anything from stress to urinary tract infections or kidney disease.
3. Hiding More Than Usual
While cats enjoy quiet time, excessive hiding—especially if your cat avoids social interaction entirely—can be a major red flag.
4. Changes in Activity Level
A normally playful cat that becomes lethargic, sleeps excessively, or avoids jumping and climbing may be in pain, especially joint or muscle pain.
Physical Signs Your Cat May Be in Pain
Physical symptoms can be subtle, but they’re important to watch for during daily interactions.
5. Grooming Changes
Cats are meticulous groomers. Over-grooming one area (possibly indicating pain) or neglecting grooming altogether can signal illness.
6. Weight Loss or Gain
Unexplained weight changes—even gradual ones—can be signs of underlying conditions such as thyroid disease, diabetes, or digestive issues.
7. Facial Expressions and Body Language
Cats in pain may squint, flatten their ears, tuck their body tightly, or hold their tail low. Some may flinch when touched in sensitive areas.
Emotional and Personality Changes
Cats have unique personalities, so any noticeable change should be taken seriously.
8. Increased Aggression or Irritability
A normally friendly cat that suddenly hisses, swats, or avoids touch may be reacting to pain.
9. Vocalization Changes
Excessive meowing, growling, or crying—especially at night—can indicate discomfort, cognitive decline, or pain.
Trust Your Instincts as a Cat Owner
You know your cat better than anyone. If something feels “off,” it probably is. Because cats are so skilled at hiding pain, subtle changes matter more than obvious symptoms.
Regular vet checkups, close observation, and prompt action are the best tools you have to protect your cat’s health and quality of life.